VMO Steel

The steel grade VMO refers to a high-strength alloy steel produced in Brazil, typically used in applications requiring superior mechanical properties. V: Vanadium, which improves strength, toughness, and wear resistance. M: Molybdenum, which enhances high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. O: Other alloying elements that contribute to the steel’s properties.

 

The equivalent grade DB6 / DIN 2714 / SKT4 normally used as a pre hardened condition. This steel grade is commonly used in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction, where both high strength and durability are essential. Its specific chemical composition can vary depending on the manufacturer and application, but VMO steel is generally designed for high-performance industrial use.

 

The VMO steel grade from Brazil, also known as ABNT VMO, is a type of special steel primarily used for hot work applications, such as forging dies in high-performance drop hammers. Here are some key details about this steel grade:

 

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Mode of Supply

Virat Special Steels is the largest stockiest and supplier of VMO Steel in flat, square and round bar. We provide steel in all sizes as your requirements. VMO Steel die steel is available in flat, square and round shape. Consult our team who will assist you for VMO steel query.

 

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Steel Properties

The working hardness of ABNT VMO Steel typically ranges between 180 to 220 Brinell Hardness Number (BHN). This range makes it suitable for hot work applications, providing a good balance of strength and toughness. This steel grade is the upgrade version of DIN 2713 for better
performance.

 

Chemical Composition:

 

Mechanical Properties:

 

VMO steel is commonly used in the manufacturing of tools and dies that require high strength and toughness, especially in hot working environments.
 

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VMO Brazil Steel Common Properties:

 

1. High Strength:
VMO steel has excellent tensile strength due to the presence of alloying elements like Vanadium and Molybdenum. It can handle heavy loads and resist deformation under stress.

 

2. Toughness:
This steel grade exhibits superior toughness, meaning it can absorb energy and withstand impacts without breaking or cracking.

 

3. Wear Resistance:
VMO steel’s composition makes it highly resistant to wear, ensuring longer service life in applications involving friction or repeated mechanical stress.

 

4. Corrosion Resistance:
The presence of Molybdenum and Chromium provides excellent resistance to corrosion, particularly in harsh or high-temperature environments, making it ideal for chemical, oil & gas, and marine industries.

 

5. Fatigue Resistance:
This steel performs well under cyclic loads, meaning it can endure repeated stress without weakening, which is important for parts like gears or shafts.

 

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Physical Properties of VMO Brazil Steel Grade:

 
1. Density:
The typical density of VMO steel is around 7.8 g/cm³, similar to other high-strength steels.
 
2. Melting Point:
The melting point of VMO steel is approximately 1400°C to 1500°C, depending on its exact alloy composition.
 
3. Modulus of Elasticity:
This steel has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 200-210 GPa, ensuring good stiffness and resistance to elastic deformation.
 
4. Thermal Conductivity:
VMO steel has a lower thermal conductivity than carbon steels, typically in the range of 20-25 W/m·K, which means it does not conduct heat as efficiently as lower alloy steels.
 
5. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:
The coefficient of thermal expansion is about 12 x 10^-6 /K, meaning it expands moderately when subjected to high temperatures, but remains stable under operational conditions.
 

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Heat Treatment & Processes for VMO Steel:

 
1. Annealing:
Annealing is done by heating the steel to 850-950°C, followed by slow cooling to relieve internal stresses and improve ductility and machinability. This softens the material for further processing.
 

2. Quenching:
Quenching is a critical process for VMO steel. It involves heating the steel to 900-950°C and then rapidly cooling it in oil or water. This process increases the hardness and tensile strength but can make the steel more brittle.
 
3. Tempering:
After quenching, tempering is used to adjust the hardness and improve toughness. The steel is reheated to 200-600°C and then cooled slowly. Higher tempering temperatures produce softer but tougher material, while lower temperatures maintain more hardness.
 
4. Normalizing:
In some cases, normalizing is used to refine the grain structure by heating the steel to around 900°C followed by air cooling. This enhances toughness and reduces internal stresses, improving mechanical properties.
 
5. Surface Hardening (Carburizing/Nitriding):
For specific applications where surface hardness is crucial (e.g., gears), surface treatments like carburizing or nitriding can be used. These processes add carbon or nitrogen to the steel surface, increasing hardness while maintaining a tough core.
 
6. Stress Relieving:
Stress relieving is often applied after welding or machining to remove residual stresses. The steel is heated to 500-650°C and then slowly cooled to prevent distortions or fractures in the final product.
 

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Applications

VMO steel is often used in environments requiring materials to withstand extreme stress, heat, or wear. This makes it a preferred choice in:
 
Automotive: For parts like gears, crankshafts, and connecting rods.
Aerospace: In high-performance aircraft parts that require both strength and resistance to extreme conditions.
Oil & Gas: For components used in drilling and extraction equipment, where both high strength and resistance to corrosion are critical.